Chronic psychosocial stress causes apical dendritic atrophy of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in subordinate tree shrews. Robinson, T. Alterations in the morphology of dendrites and dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex following repeated treatment with amphetamine or cocaine.
Cocaine self-administration alters the morphology of dendrites and dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens and neocortex. Synapse 39 , — Jones, T. Use-dependent growth of pyramidal neurons after neocortical damage. Tailby, C. Activity-dependent maintenance and growth of dendrites in adult cortex. Hickmott, P. Large-scale changes in dendritic structure during reorganization of adult somatosensory cortex.
Chang, F. Lateralized effects of monocular training on dendritic branching in adult split-brain rats. Lee, W. Dynamic remodeling of dendritic arbors in GABAergic interneurons of adult visual cortex. Chow, D. Laminar and compartmental regulation of dendritic growth in mature cortex. Mizrahi, A. Dendritic stability in the adult olfactory bulb. First long-term imaging study of neuronal structure in the olfactory bulb.
Reports that the large-scale structure of mitral cell dendrites is stable over months. A dynamic zone defines interneuron remodeling in the adult neocortex. Zhao, C. Distinct morphological stages of dentate granule neuron maturation in the adult mouse hippocampus.
Dendritic development and plasticity of adult-born neurons in the mouse olfactory bulb. Luo, L. Genetic dissection of neural circuits. Neuron 57 , — Turner, A. Differential rearing effects on rat visual cortex synapses. Synaptic and neuronal density and synapses per neuron.
Lendvai, B. Experience-dependent plasticity of dendritic spines in the developing rat barrel cortex in vivo. First time-lapse imaging study of dendritic spines in vivo.
Zuo, Y. Long-term sensory deprivation prevents dendritic spine loss in primary somatosensory cortex. Grutzendler, J. Long-term dendritic spine stability in the adult cortex. First long-term imaging study of dendritic spines in adult mice see also REF. Reports largely stable dendritic spines over up to three months of imaging. Motility of dendritic spines in visual cortex in vivo : Changes during the critical period and effects of visual deprivation. Development of long-term dendritic spine stability in diverse regions of cerebral cortex.
Neuron 46 , — Reports that spines gradually stabilize during development and adolescence see also REF. In adults most spines persist for more than a year and a half. Keck, T. Massive restructuring of neuronal circuits during functional reorganization of adult visual cortex.
This study describes a large-scale turnover of dendritic spines in the visual cortex after induction of a retinal scotoma, indicating the huge potential for structural plasticity in the adult brain. Hofer, S. Experience leaves a lasting structural trace in cortical circuits. New spines grow and are stabilized after induction of experience-dependent plasticity in the visual cortex, specifically on structurally complex layer 5 pyramidal neurons see also REF.
Spires, T. Dendritic spine abnormalities in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice demonstrated by gene transfer and intravital multiphoton microscopy. Fuhrmann, M.
Dendritic pathology in prion disease starts at the synaptic spine. Rakic, P. Concurrent overproduction of synapses in diverse regions of the primate cerebral cortex. De Felipe, J. Inhibitory synaptogenesis in mouse somatosensory cortex. Cortex 7 , — Blue, M.
The formation and maturation of synapses in the visual cortex of the rat. Quantitative analysis. Micheva, K. Quantitative aspects of synaptogenesis in the rat barrel field cortex with special reference to GABA circuitry.
Activity-regulated dynamic behavior of early dendritic protrusions: evidence for different types of dendritic filopodia. Ultrastructure of dendritic spines: correlation between synaptic and spine morphologies.
Fiala, J. Synaptogenesis via dendritic filopodia in developing hippocampal area CA1. Dunaevsky, A. Developmental regulation of spine motility in the mammalian central nervous system. USA 96 , — Konur, S. Systematic regulation of spine sizes and densities in pyramidal neurons. Oray, S. Dendritic spine dynamics are regulated by monocular deprivation and extracellular matrix degradation. Fischer, M. Rapid actin-based plasticity in dendritic spines. Neuron 20 , — Matus, A. Actin-based plasticity in dendritic spines.
Crick, F. Do dendritic spines twitch? Korkotian, E. Regulation of dendritic spine motility in cultured hippocampal neurons. Ehlers, M. Activity level controls postsynaptic composition and signaling via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Tsuriel, S.
Exchange and redistribution dynamics of the cytoskeleton of the active zone molecule bassoon. Local sharing as a predominant determinant of synaptic matrix molecular dynamics.
Steiner, P. Destabilization of the postsynaptic density by PSD serine 73 phosphorylation inhibits spine growth and synaptic plasticity. Neuron 60 , — Kim, E. PDZ domain proteins of synapses.
Zito, K. Watching a synapse grow: noninvasive confocal imaging of synaptic growth in Drosophila. Neuron 22 , — Array tomography: a new tool for imaging the molecular architecture and ultrastructure of neural circuits.
Neuron 55 , 25—36 Oertner, T. Facilitation at single synapses probed with optical quantal analysis. Yuste, R. Dendritic spines as basic functional units of neuronal integration.
Matsuzaki, M. Rapid functional maturation of nascent dendritic spines. Neuron 61 , — Synapse formation on neurons born in the adult hippocampus. Geinisman, Y. Associative learning elicits the formation of multiple-synapse boutons. Yankova, M. Estrogen increases synaptic connectivity between single presynaptic inputs and multiple postsynaptic CA1 pyramidal cells: A serial electron-microscopic study. USA 98 , — Smith, S. Letourneau, P.
Tada, T. Molecular mechanisms of dendritic spine morphogenesis. Mataga, N. Experience-dependent pruning of dendritic spines in visual cortex by tissue plasminogen activator. Ruiz-Marcos, A. The temporal evolution of the distribution of dendritic spines in the visual cortex of normal and dark raised mice. Moser, M. Making more synapses: a way to store information? Life Sci. An increase in dendritic spine density on hippocampal CA1 cells following spatial-learning in adult rats suggests the formation of new synapses.
USA 91 , — Greenough, W. Evidence for active synapse formation or altered postsynaptic metabolism in visual cortex of rats reared in complex environments. USA 82 , — Beaulieu, C. Effect of the richness of the environment on the cat visual cortex.
Feldman, D. Map plasticity in somatosensory cortex. Fox, K. Anatomical pathways and molecular mechanisms for plasticity in the barrel cortex.
Glazewski, S. Lisman, J. Wilbrecht, L. Abstract No. Cheetham, C. Sensory experience alters cortical connectivity and synaptic function site specifically. Hattox, A. Layer V neurons in mouse cortex projecting to different targets have distinct physiological properties. Xu, T. Rapid formation and selective stabilization of synapses for enduring motor memories. Nature in the press. Benshalom, G.
Quantification of thalamocortical synapses with spiny stellate neurons in layer IV of mouse somatosensory cortex. Petreanu, L. The subcellular organization of neocortical excitatory connections. Selkoe, D. Alzheimer's disease is a synaptic failure. Uylings, H. Neuronal changes in normal human aging and Alzheimer's disease. Brain Cogn. Lanz, T. Knafo, S. Widespread changes in dendritic spines in a model of Alzheimer's disease.
Cortex 28 Jul doi Patt, S. Pathological changes in dendrites of substantia nigra neurons in Parkinson's disease: a Golgi study. Day, M. Selective elimination of glutamatergic synapses on striatopallidal neurons in Parkinson disease models. Hogan, R. Scrapie infection diminishes spines and increases varicosities of dendrites in hamsters: a quantitative Golgi analysis.
Garey, L. Reduced dendritic spine density on cerebral cortical pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia. Psychiatry 65 , — Abnormal development of dendritic spines in FMR1 knock-out mice.
Comery, T. Plasticity can still occur through passive stimulation Cooke and Bear, , but attention enhances it, which may be a prerequisite for efficient learning in adults Seitz and Dinse, It is currently unclear whether developing and adult circuits are relying solely on bottom-up and top-down pathways, respectively, to regulate plasticity. Progress is hampered by lack of appropriate models of associative and passive learning in developing and adult experimental animals, respectively.
Passive learning in adult animals has been reported Cooke and Bear, , but some forms also require cholinergic signaling Gavornik and Bear, ; Kang et al. On the other hand, plasticity during vocal learning in juvenile birds may require inputs from the frontal areas, suggesting that top-down modulation can occur before the critical periods close Puzerey et al.
It would appear that developmental learning may not be as exclusively bottom-up as initially thought, and neuromodulatory tuning of inhibition may be a universal way for regulating circuit plasticity throughout the life span Takesian et al. The development of new juvenile learning paradigms that explore more complex skills and behaviors may be central in identifying potential top-down pathways that may mediate learning during development Bicks et al.
Pinpointing how and when plasticity occurs remains central to our understanding of learning and memory formation. Studies of developmental plasticity helped define key mechanisms that drive plasticity and learning in adults Hubel and Wiesel, , ; Wiesel and Hubel, ; Hubel et al. Inhibitory circuitry has proven key for plasticity in both developing and adult brains, and future studies will undoubtedly address ways to manipulate inhibition to enhance learning and recovery of function in different disorders.
Now is the time to address whether attentional neuro modulation of plasticity typical for the adult brain can be used for learning during development. Distinct properties of plasticity in the juvenile brain may render some forms of learning, such as perceptual, not as efficient as in adults Caras and Sanes, Understanding the mechanisms of skill acquisition through the engagement of frontal brain regions in youth will be invaluable in developing non-invasive therapies for recovery of sensory function in several neurodevelopmental disorders.
This work was supported by the startup funds from the Department of Psychology at the University of Virginia. The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author wishes to thank Drs. Abe, H. Adult cortical plasticity studied with chronically implanted electrode arrays. Abs, E. Learning-related plasticity in dendrite-targeting layer 1 interneurons.
Neuron , Ahissar, M. Attentional control of early perceptual learning. U S A 90, — Akbik, F. Anatomical plasticity of adult brain is titrated by nogo receptor 1. Neuron 77, — Antoine, M. Increased excitation-inhibition ratio stabilizes synapse and circuit excitability in four autism mouse models. Bakin, J. Classical conditioning induces CS-specific receptive field plasticity in the auditory cortex of the guinea pig.
Brain Res. Induction of a physiological memory in the cerebral cortex by stimulation of the nucleus basalis. U S A 93, — Ball, K. A specific and enduring improvement in visual motion discrimination. Science , — Banerjee, S. Perineuronal nets in the adult sensory cortex are necessary for fear learning. Neuron 95, — Barkat, T.
A critical period for auditory thalamocortical connectivity. Bavelier, D. Removing brakes on adult brain plasticity: from molecular to behavioral interventions. Bear, M. Modulation of visual cortical plasticity by acetylcholine and noradrenaline. Nature , — Beaton, R. Single cell activity in the auditory cortex of the unanesthetized, behaving monkey: correlation with stimulus controlled behavior.
Beurdeley, M. Otx2 binding to perineuronal nets persistently regulates plasticity in the mature visual cortex. Bhattacharyya, A. Basal forebrain activation controls contrast sensitivity in primary visual cortex. BMC Neurosci. Bicks, L.
Prefrontal parvalbumin interneurons require juvenile social experience to establish adult social behavior. Blake, D. Neural correlates of instrumental learning in primary auditory cortex. U S A 99, — Blundon, J. Restoring auditory cortex plasticity in adult mice by restricting thalamic adenosine signaling.
Byers, A. Exploring the relationship between perceptual learning and top-down attentional control. Vision Res. Caras, M. Top-down modulation of sensory cortex gates perceptual learning. U S A , — Neural variability limits adolescent skill learning. Carulli, D. Animals lacking link protein have attenuated perineuronal nets and persistent plasticity. Brain , — Chambers, A. Central gain restores auditory processing following near-complete cochlear denervation.
Neuron 89, — Chapman, B. Development of orientation selectivity in ferret visual cortex and effects of deprivation. Chen, J. Inhibitory dendrite dynamics as a general feature of the adult cortical microcircuit.
Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity. Chino, Y. Rapid reorganization of cortical maps in adult cats following restricted deafferentation in retina. Chittajallu, R. Emergence of cortical inhibition by coordinated sensory-driven plasticity at distinct synaptic loci.
Cho, K. Cisneros-Franco, J. Reactivation of critical period plasticity in adult auditory cortex through chemogenetic silencing of parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Cooke, S. Visual experience induces long-term potentiation in the primary visual cortex. Cruikshank, S. Synaptic basis for intense thalamocortical activation of feedforward inhibitory cells in neocortex. Darian-Smith, C.
Axonal sprouting accompanies functional reorganization in adult cat striate cortex. Davis, M. Inhibitory neuron transplantation into adult visual cortex creates a new critical period that rescues impaired vision. Neuron 86, — Daw, N.
Injection of MK affects ocular dominance shifts more than visual activity. Kittens reared in a unidirectional environment: evidence for a critical period.
Debanne, D. Manipulating critical period closure across different sectors of the primary auditory cortex. Dorrn, A. Developmental sensory experience balances cortical excitation and inhibition. Dragoi, V. Adaptation-induced plasticity of orientation tuning in adult visual cortex.
Neuron 28, — Durand, S. NMDA receptor regulation prevents regression of visual cortical function in the absence of Mecp2. Neuron 76, — Eales, L. Song learning in zebra finches: some effects of song model availability on what is learnt and when. Edeline, J. Receptive field plasticity in the auditory cortex during frequency discrimination training: selective retuning independent of task difficulty. Einon, D. A critical period for social isolation in the rat. Fagiolini, M.
Inhibitory threshold for critical-period activation in primary visual cortex. Functional postnatal development of the rat primary visual cortex and the role of visual experience: dark rearing and monocular deprivation. Feldman, D. Ocular dominance plasticity in mature mice.
Neuron 38, — Synaptic mechanisms for plasticity in neocortex. Ferrer, C. Franks, K. Synapse-specific downregulation of NMDA receptors by early experience: a critical period for plasticity of sensory input to olfactory cortex. Neuron 47, — A cellular analogue of visual cortical plasticity. Cellular analogs of visual cortical epigenesis. Plasticity of orientation selectivity. Fritz, J. Differential dynamic plasticity of A1 receptive fields during multiple spectral tasks.
Rapid task-related plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in primary auditory cortex. Froemke, R. Long-term modification of cortical synapses improves sensory perception. A synaptic memory trace for cortical receptive field plasticity. Fu, Y. A cortical disinhibitory circuit for enhancing adult plasticity.
Elife 4:e A cortical circuit for gain control by behavioral state. Cell , — Gainey, M. Multiple shared mechanisms for homeostatic plasticity in rodent somatosensory and visual cortex. B Biol. Galambos, R. Electrophysiological correlates of a conditioned response in cats. Gambino, F. Spike-timing-dependent potentiation of sensory surround in the somatosensory cortex is facilitated by deprivation-mediated disinhibition. Neuron 75, — Gao, W. Development of inhibitory circuitry in visual and auditory cortex of postnatal ferrets: immunocytochemical localization of calbindin- and parvalbumin-containing neurons.
Gavornik, J. Learned spatiotemporal sequence recognition and prediction in primary visual cortex. Gervain, J. Valproate reopens critical-period learning of absolute pitch. Giffin, F. The rate of recovery of vision after early monocular deprivation in kittens. Gilbert, C. Receptive field dynamics in adult primary visual cortex.
Nature 36, — Goard, M. Basal forebrain activation enhances cortical coding of natural scenes. Gogolla, N. Perineuronal nets protect fear memories from erasure. Goltstein, P. Conditioning sharpens the spatial representation of rewarded stimuli in mouse primary visual cortex.
Elife 7:e Grady, C. Attention-related modulation of activity in primary and secondary auditory cortex. Neuroreport 8, — Gu, Y. Binocular matching of thalamocortical and intracortical circuits in the mouse visual cortex. Elife 5:e Obligatory role for the immediate early gene NARP in critical period plasticity. Neuron 79, — Neuregulin-dependent regulation of fast-spiking interneuron excitability controls the timing of the critical period. Guan, W. Eye opening differentially modulates inhibitory synaptic transmission in the developing visual cortex.
Elife 6:e Guo, W. The cholinergic basal forebrain links auditory stimuli with delayed reinforcement to support learning. Harauzov, A. Reducing intracortical inhibition in the adult visual cortex promotes ocular dominance plasticity. Harwerth, R. Multiple sensitive periods in the development of the primate visual system. Hensch, T. Critical period regulation. Re-opening windows: manipulating critical periods for brain development. Cerebrum PubMed Abstract Google Scholar. Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex.
Hill, D. Influences of dietary sodium on functional taste receptor development: a sensitive period. Hoseini, M. Transplanted cells are essential for the induction but not the expression of cortical plasticity. Huang, X. Progressive maturation of silent synapses governs the duration of a critical period.
U S A , E—E Hubel, D. Attention units in the auditory cortex. Functional architecture of area 17 in normal and monocularly deprived macaque monkeys.
Cold Spring Harb. They note that this result is consistent with a growing body of evidence that the transient memory underlying working memory is modulated in a fundamentally different way than experience-dependent neuroplasticity. While noting the limitation that the study was restricted to healthy young adults, the authors conclude that their results strongly suggest that enhancing NMDAR signaling augments experience-dependent plasticity in adult brains across a variety of tasks that leverage that ability.
Our results complement a growing literature that suggests that DCS can enhance new learning during cognitive behavioral therapy interventions and cognitive training programs.
The researchers suggest that parallel studies in older adults and patient groups are an obligatory next step in assessing DCS as a therapeutic intervention for psychiatric disorders. Explore further. Abstract Experience-dependent plasticity is a fundamental property of the brain. It is critical for everyday function, is impaired in a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and frequently depends on long-term potentiation LTP.
Preclinical studies suggest that augmenting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NMDAR signaling may promote experience-dependent plasticity; however, a lack of noninvasive methods has limited our ability to test this idea in humans until recently. The n-back assesses working memory. Groups did not differ on the n-back. Augmenting NMDAR signaling using DCS therefore enhanced activity-dependent plasticity in human adults, as demonstrated by lasting enhancement of neural potentiation following repetitive HFvS and accelerated acquisition of two learning tasks.
Results highlight the utility of considering cellular mechanisms underlying distinct cognitive functions when investigating potential cognitive enhancers. Journal information: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. For general inquiries, please use our contact form. For general feedback, use the public comments section below please adhere to guidelines.
Your feedback is important to us. However, we do not guarantee individual replies due to the high volume of messages. Your email address is used only to let the recipient know who sent the email. Neither your address nor the recipient's address will be used for any other purpose. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Medical Xpress in any form. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties.
More information Privacy policy. This site uses cookies to assist with navigation, analyse your use of our services, collect data for ads personalisation and provide content from third parties. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.
0コメント